基于Web GIS的上海数字农业集成系统     

孙德亮  李营营  益建芳 《测绘与空间地理信息》2007,30(2):33-36

上海农业集成系统是基于JZ地理信息系统软件(精准农业信息公司开发的一套基于Web发布的地理信息系统发布引擎)开发的一套BS架构的农业系统。该平台采用了ASP.NET技术、SQL Server数据库管理技术以及地图发布引擎(JZ地图引擎)等技术,将传感器采集到的实时数据发布到网上,使各种不同目的的客户能够及时了解、分析和处理数据,并根据数据的实际情况及时应对农作物生长过程中的不良状态。本文对该平台的关键技术、数据管理、功能模块和安装步骤等方面作了详细的介绍。  相似文献   

A Janus-faced biodiversity change and the partiality of ecological knowledge in a world biodiversity hotspot in Ghana: Implications for biodiversity rehabilitation     

Louis Awanyo 《Geoforum》2007,38(4):739-751

The Gyamfiase-Adenya-Obom cluster of villages in the forest-savanna region of Ghana is located within one of Conservation International’s 34 “World Biodiversity Hotspots” of the most biodiversity-threatened regions of the world. In collaboration with local farmers in this area since 1993, the People, Land Management and Ecological Change Project in Ghana (PLEC-Ghana) has been working on promoting biodiversity rehabilitation to address problems of biodiversity change. This goal is expected to be achieved through agrobiodiversity or biodiversity-friendly agricultural practices. However, farmers’ employment of these practices has been lackluster, even while they acknowledge biodiversity changes, dominated by Chromolaena odorata and other herbaceous species, that are driving the decline in forests and their biodiversity. In interpreting the difficulties of biodiversity rehabilitation in Gyamfiase-Adenya-Obom, this study outlines the diverging ecological knowledge of non-residents/outsiders and local farmers about biodiversity change, which it describes as Janus-like with two diverging faces. One face of biodiversity change shows the detrimental impacts on biodiversity and its observers—non-residents/outsiders—insist on biodiversity rehabilitation that nurtures forests, and the growth and domination of tree species. The other face of biodiversity change shows its agronomic advantages and its observers—the local farmers—are skeptical of current biodiversity rehabilitation practices. Farmers see agronomic benefits in biodiversity change, in particular the benefit of faster soil regeneration within the predominant bush fallow system of farming. And as a result of this observation, farmers continue with practices that sustain a decline in forests and biodiversity. Based on social and ecological research that explores three biodiversity-friendly practices promoted by PLEC-Ghana (fallow management, mulching, and intensive weeding to protect tree seedlings), this article discusses the partiality of ecological perspectives that emphasize either face of biodiversity change but not both, and the implications for biodiversity rehabilitation.  相似文献   

福州市表层土壤农业生态环境质量评价   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

魏为兴 《中国地质》2007,34(2):354-358

本文用地球化学指标和分级聚类模型中的积分值法,选取了N、P、K2O等16个指标对福州市表层土壤的农业生态环境质量进行了初步的评价分类。共划分为5个级别农业生态环境区。其中一般生态环境区面积最大,占全部面积58%。优良与良好生态环境区所占面积相对较小,两者合计面积同极差生态环境区面积相当,约占3%。各环境区多数富钾元素,贫中量、微量元素。并根据各个生态环境区的特点,对福州市农业规划与布局提出了建议。  相似文献   

Toward an Ecological Explanation of Agricultural Unemployment in Bangladesh     

Abu Muhammad Shajaat Ali 《The Professional geographer》1998,50(2):176-191

Cultural ecology theoretical framework was found suitable to explain unemployment in agriculture in three villages in Bangladesh. Path analysis and multiple regression statistics were used to examine the direct, indirect, and total effects of eight independent human, social, environmental, and technology variables as well as their aggregate contribution on agricultural unemployment. The multiple regression model explains 86.2% of the total variation in unemployment in agriculture; they were followed by environmental constraints and labor saving technology variables.  相似文献   

Mitigating Agricultural Emissions of Methane   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

A.R. Mosier  J.M. Duxbury  J.R. Freney  O. Heinemeyer  K. Minami  D.E. Johnson 《Climatic change》1998,40(1):39-80

Agricultural crop and animal production systems are important sources and sinks for atmospheric methane (CH4). The major CH4 sources from this sector are ruminant animals, flooded rice fields, animal waste and biomass burning which total about one third of all global emissions. This paper discusses the factors that influence CH4 production and emission from these sources and the aerobic soil sink for atmospheric CH4 and assesses the magnitude of each source. Potential methods of mitigating CH4 emissions from the major sources could lead to improved crop and animal productivity. The global impact of using the mitigation options suggested could potentially decrease agricultural CH4 emissions by about 30%.  相似文献   

湖南农业抗旱能力综合评价   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘迎春  肖谦益 《云南地理环境研究》2007,19(4):39-42,57

利用灰色系统理论中的关联分析建立了湖南农业抗旱能力评价的指标体系，运用密切值法对湖南14个地州市的抗旱能力进行了综合排序。其结果表明湖南省各州市的农业抗旱能力差异较大，其中：衡阳（0．03）、常德（0．32）密切值小，抗旱能力强，株洲（3．14）、张家界（3．34）密切值大，抗旱能力弱。并根据湖南的实际为其抗旱减灾、提高抗旱能力提出了合理的建议与对策。  相似文献   

The economic impact of climate change on Kenyan crop agriculture: A Ricardian approach   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

Jane Kabubo-Mariara  Fredrick K. Karanja 《Global and Planetary Change》2007,57(3-4):319-330

This paper measures the economic impact of climate on crops in Kenya. We use cross-sectional data on climate, hydrological, soil and household level data for a sample of 816 households. We estimate a seasonal Ricardian model to assess the impact of climate on net crop revenue per acre. The results show that climate affects crop productivity. There is a non-linear relationship between temperature and revenue on one hand and between precipitation and revenue on the other. Estimated marginal impacts suggest that global warming is harmful for crop productivity. Predictions from global circulation models confirm that global warming will have a substantial impact on net crop revenue in Kenya. The results also show that the temperature component of global warming is much more important than precipitation. Findings call for monitoring of climate change and dissemination of information to farmers to encourage adaptations to climate change. Improved management and conservation of available water resources, water harvesting and recycling of wastewater could generate water for irrigation purposes especially in the arid and semi-arid areas.  相似文献   

中文名片识别系统     

杨玉科  何小海  吴炜  徐锐义 《成都信息工程学院学报》2008,23(1):21-24

在实际的商务活动中,名片已经作为一个重要的身份信息载体,使用频繁。然而随着名片数量的增多,管理越来越麻烦。在实际应用中,研究名片识别的方法,介绍一个独立自主开发的中文商务名片识别系统。该系统首先结合实际中的一些具体问题对名片图像进行预处理;然后在传统版面分析技术的基础上针对版面的特点进行版面分析;最后在对分割区域的字符进行识别之后,根据识别结果中的语义和版面分析得到的位置信息对识别结果进行基于知识规则的理解,从而实现了名片的识别。整个系统在实际应用中表现出良好的性能。  相似文献   

Improving Indigenous Technologies for Sustainable Land Use in Northern Mountainous Areas of Vietnam     

LeQuocDoanh HaDinhTuan 《山地科学学报》2004,1(3):270-275

More than 30 ethnic groups are now living in northern mountainous regions, Vietnam, mainly relying on shifting cultivation with the fallow period being shortened from time to time. Naturally, soil fertility reduces from cycle to cycle, entailing the reduction of productivity. Large areas of moderately sloping lands suitable for upland agriculture have become bare after many cultivation-fallow cycles. The soils there have been severely degraded with more toxicity, low porosity, low water retention capacity and poor floral diversity. Normally, these lands cannot be used for food crop cultivation. So farmers in uplands have to rely on slash-and-burn practices for their livelihood. As there is no more forest with good soil in medium slopes, farmers go to cut forests in watershed, high slope lands and old forests up to the mountains‘ top. There are ecologically and environmentally very sensitive areas, so their destruction will inevitably cause hazardous consequences in the whole basin. Meanwhile,cultivation in these areas has low economic efficiency and sustainability because the crop yield may decrease very fast due to severe erosion as the higher the slope, the more serious erosion. Consequently living standards of highland farmers remain low and unstable. Sustainable farming on these lands in the perspective of a seriously deteriorated ecology and environmental is not an easy task. There have been many projects trying to help mountainous farmers get out of their vicious circle. However, due to different reasons, the results gained are low, and in some cases,things ceased to move after the projects phased out. During past few years, based on the farmer experiences, the Vietnam Agricultural Science Institute has cooperated with local and international partners to implement different projects in order to solve the problems by developing simple, easy and cheap cultivation technologies, which can be accepted and applied by local poor farmers for sustainable agricultural production. The first results of our activities offered good opportunities for sustain food production, improve soil health, recharge of aquifers,and enhanced household income for better rural lively hoods in the upland eco-regions of northern Vietnam.  相似文献   

大万山波浪能试验场泊位间水动力影响分析     

王鑫  李大鸣  李雪临  石建军  韩林生 《海洋技术学报》2015,34(4):69-73

当前我国近海海域属稀缺资源,波浪能试验场建设须通过合理布局各测试泊位,在保证试验场各泊位可同时正常开展测试工作的前提下,尽量减小用海面积。拉近试验泊位距离,是减小用海面积的直接手段,但在此过程中,必须保证在试验场场址海域水动力环境下,泊位接入测试波浪能装置后,其之间的水动力影响在可接受的范围内。以大万山波浪能试验场泊位设计为例,介绍一种有效的泊位间水动力影响分析方法。方法采用自主开发的二维Boussinesq波浪模型,开展水动力影响分析工作,同时引入相对波高比概念,对泊位接入装置后影响距离和影响面积进行了定量的分析。文中研究得出的分析方法,可用于判定泊位布局设计的合理性。  相似文献